# ScyllaDB and Apache Cassandra Compatibility
ScyllaDB is a drop-in replacement for Apache Cassandra 3.11, with additional features from Apache Cassandra 4.0.
This page contains information about ScyllaDB compatibility with Apache Cassandra.
The tables on this page include information about ScyllaDB support for Apache Cassandra features.
They do not include the ScyllaDB-specific features with no match in
Apache Cassandra. See [ScyllaDB Features](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/features/index.md) for more information about ScyllaDB features.
## How to Read the Tables on This Page
* - Available in ScyllaDB and compatible with Apache Cassandra.
* - Not available in ScyllaDB.
* **NC** - Available in ScyllaDB, but not compatible with Apache Cassandra.
## Interfaces
| Apache Cassandra Interface | Version Supported by ScyllaDB | Comments |
|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| CQL | Fully compatible with version 3.3.1, with additional features from later CQL versions (for example, [Duration type](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/types.md#durations)).
Fully compatible with protocol v4, with additional features from v5.
| More below |
| Thrift | Not supported anymore in ScyllaDB 6.0 | deprecated in Apache Cassandra and got dropped in 4.0
deprecated in ScyllaDB 5.2 and got dropped in 6.0
|
| SSTable format (all versions) | 3.11(mc / md / me), 2.2(la), 2.1.8 (ka) | `me` - supported in ScyllaDB 2022.2.0 and later
`md` - supported in ScyllaDB 2021.1.0 and later
|
| JMX | 3.11 | More below |
| Configuration (cassandra.yaml) | 3.11 | |
| Log | NC | |
| Gossip and internal streaming | NC | |
| SSL | NC | |
## Supported Tools
The tools are based on Apache Cassandra 3.11.
* [Nodetool Reference](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/nodetool.md) - ScyllaDB commands for managing ScyllaDB node or cluster using the command-line nodetool utility.
* [CQLSh - the CQL shell](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/cqlsh.md).
* [Admin REST API - ScyllaDB Node Admin API](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/rest.md).
* [Tracing](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/using-scylla/tracing.md) - a ScyllaDB tool for debugging and analyzing internal flows in the server.
* [SSTableloader](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/sstableloader.md) - Bulk load the sstables found in the directory to a ScyllaDB cluster
* [ScyllaDB SStable](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/scylla-sstable.md) - Validates and dumps the content of SStables, generates a histogram, dumps the content of the SStable index.
* [ScyllaDB Types](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/scylla-types.md) - Examines raw values obtained from SStables, logs, coredumps, etc.
* [cassandra-stress](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/cassandra-stress.md) A tool for benchmarking and load testing a ScyllaDB and Cassandra clusters.
* scylla local-file-key-generator - Generate a local file (system) key for [encryption at rest](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/security/encryption-at-rest.md), with the provided length, Key algorithm, Algorithm block mode and Algorithm padding method.
* [scyllatop](https://www.scylladb.com/2016/03/22/scyllatop/) - A terminal base top-like tool for scylladb collectd/prometheus metrics.
* [scylla_dev_mode_setup](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/getting-started/installation-common/dev-mod.md) - run ScyllaDB in Developer Mode.
* [perftune](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/perftune.md) - performance configuration.
* [Reading mutation fragments](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/select-from-mutation-fragments.md) - dump the underlying mutation data from tables.
* [Maintenance socket](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/maintenance-socket.md) - a Unix domain socket for full-permission CQL connection.
* [Maintenance mode](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/maintenance-mode.md) - a mode for performing maintenance tasks on an offline ScyllaDB node.
* [Task manager](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin-tools/task-manager.md) - a tool for tracking long-running background operations.
Run each tool with `-h`, `--help` for full options description.
## Features
### Consistency Level (read and write)
| Options | Support |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Any (Write Only) | |
| One | |
| Two | |
| Three | |
| Quorum | |
| All | |
| Local One | |
| Local Quorum | |
| Each Quorum (Write Only) | |
| SERIAL | \* |
| LOCAL_SERIAL | \* |
\* See [ScyllaDB LWT](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/features/lwt.md).
### Snitches
| Options | Support |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| [SimpleSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#snitch-simple-snitch) | |
| [RackInferringSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#snitch-rack-inferring-snitch) | |
| PropertyFileSnitch | |
| [GossipingPropertyFileSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#snitch-gossiping-property-file-snitch) | |
| Dynamic snitching | |
| [EC2Snitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#snitch-ec2-snitch) | |
| [EC2MultiRegionSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#snitch-ec2-multi-region-snitch) | |
| [GoogleCloudSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#googlecloudsnitch) | |
| CloudstackSnitch | |
| [AzureSnitch](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/system-configuration/snitch.md#azuresnitch) | |
### Partitioners
| Options | Support |
|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| Murmur3Partitioner (default) | |
| RandomPartitioner | |
| OrderPreservingPartitioner | |
| ByteOrderedPartitioner | |
| CollatingOrderPreservingPartitioner | |
### Protocol Options
| Options | Support |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| [Encryption](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/security/client-node-encryption.md) | |
| [Authentication](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/security/authentication.md) | |
| [Compression](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin.md#admin-compression) (see below) | |
### Compression
| Options | Support |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| CQL Compression | |
| LZ4 | |
| Snappy | |
| [Node to Node Compression](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin.md#internode-compression) | |
| [Client to Node Compression](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/admin.md#admin-client-node-compression) | |
### Backup and Restore
| Options | Support |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| [Snapshot](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/procedures/backup-restore/backup.md#backup-full-backup-snapshots) | |
| [Incremental backup](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/procedures/backup-restore/backup.md#backup-incremental-backup) | |
| [Restore](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/procedures/backup-restore/restore.md) | |
### Repair and Consistency
| Options | Support |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| [Nodetool Repair](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/operating-scylla/nodetool-commands/repair.md) | |
| Incremental Repair | |
| [Hinted Handoff](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/architecture/anti-entropy/hinted-handoff.md) | |
| [Lightweight Transactions](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/features/lwt.md) | |
### Replica Replacement Strategy
| Options | Support |
|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| SimpleStrategy | |
| NetworkTopologyStrategy | |
### Security
| Options | Support |
|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| Role Based Access Control (RBAC) | |
### Indexing and Caching
| Options | Support |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [Secondary Index](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/features/secondary-indexes.md) | |
| StorageAttachedIndex (SAI) | |
| [SAI for vector search](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/secondary-indexes.md#cassandra-sai-compatibility) | \* |
| [Materialized Views](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/features/materialized-views.md) | |
\* SAI class name on vector columns is rewritten to native `vector_index`;
SAI on `ENTRIES(map)` is rewritten to a regular secondary index
(requires `enable_cassio_compatibility: true`)
### Additional Features
| Feature | Support |
|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Counters | |
| User Defined Types | |
| User Defined Functions | \* |
| Time to live (TTL) | |
| Super Column | |
| vNode Enable | Default |
| vNode Disable | |
| Triggers | |
| Batch Requests | Includes conditional updates |
\* Experimental
## CQL Command Compatibility
### Create Keyspace
| Feature | Support |
|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DURABLE_WRITES | |
| IF NOT EXISTS | |
| WITH REPLICATION | (see below) |
### Create Keyspace with Replication
| Feature | Support |
|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| SimpleStrategy | |
| NetworkTopologyStrategy | |
| OldNetworkTopologyStrategy | |
### Create Table
| Feature | Support |
|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| Primary key column | |
| Compound primary key | |
| Composite partition key | |
| Clustering order | |
| Static column | |
#### Create Table Att
| Feature | Support |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| bloom_filter_fp_chance | |
| caching | (ignored) |
| comment | |
| compaction | |
| compression | |
| default_time_to_live | |
| gc_grace_seconds | |
| index_interval | |
| max_index_interval | |
| memtable_flush_period_in_ms | (ignored) |
| min_index_interval | |
| populate_io_cache_on_flush | |
| replicate_on_write | |
| speculative_retry | `ALWAYS`, `NONE` |
#### Create Table Compaction
| Feature | Support |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [SizeTieredCompactionStrategy](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/compaction.md#stcs) (STCS) | |
| [LeveledCompactionStrategy](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/compaction.md#lcs) (LCS) | |
| DateTieredCompactionStrategy (DTCS) | \* |
| [TimeWindowCompactionStrategy](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/cql/compaction.md#twcs) (TWCS) | |
\* No longer supported. Use TimeWindowCompactionStrategy (TWCS) instead.
#### Create Table Compression
| Feature | Support |
|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| sstable_compression LZ4Compressor | |
| sstable_compression SnappyCompressor | |
| sstable_compression DeflateCompressor | |
| chunk_length_kb | |
| crc_check_chance | |
#### Alter Commands
| Feature | Support |
|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| ALTER KEYSPACE | |
| ALTER TABLE | |
| ALTER TYPE | |
| ALTER USER | |
| ALTER ROLE | |
#### Data Manipulation
| Feature | Support |
|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| BATCH | |
| INSERT | |
| Prepared Statements | |
| SELECT | |
| TRUNCATE | |
| UPDATE | |
| USE | |
#### Create Commands
| Feature | Support |
|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| CREATE TRIGGER | |
| CREATE USER | |
| CREATE ROLE | |
#### Drop Commands
| Feature | Support |
|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| DROP KEYSPACE | |
| DROP TABLE | |
| DROP TRIGGER | |
| DROP TYPE | |
| DROP USER | |
| DROP ROLE | |
#### Roles and Permissions
| Feature | Support |
|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| GRANT PERMISSIONS | |
| GRANT ROLE | |
| LIST PERMISSIONS | |
| LIST USERS | |
| LIST ROLES | |
| REVOKE PERMISSIONS | |
| REVOKE ROLE | |
#### Materialized Views
| Feature | Support |
|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| MATERIALIZED VIEW | |
| ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW | |
| CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW | |
| DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW | |
#### Index commands
| Feature | Support |
|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| INDEX | |
| CREATE INDEX | |
| DROP INDEX | |
© 2016, The Apache Software Foundation.
Apache®, Apache Cassandra®, Cassandra®, the Apache feather logo and the Apache Cassandra® Eye logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of the Apache Software Foundation in the United States and/or other countries. No endorsement by The Apache Software Foundation is implied by the use of these marks.