# Decoding Stack Traces

**Topic: Decoding stack traces in ScyllaDB logs**

**Environment: Any ScyllaDB setup on any supported OS**

**Audience: All**

## Synopsis

This article describes how to decode the stack traces found in ScyllaDB logs.

## What are Stack Traces?

Stack traces can appear in the logs due to various errors or in the course of regular database operation. It is useful to be able to decode the trace in order to understand what exactly happened. Decoding the stack trace requires the Debug binaries for the specific ScyllaDB build and OS in use are installed.

Note that sharing the stack trace as part of your support ticket or Github issue, helps the ScyllaDB support team to understand the issue better.

## Install Debug Binary files

Install the Debug binaries according to your OS distribution

RPM based distributions

```none
yum install scylla-debuginfo
```

DEB based distributions

```none
apt-get install scylla-server-dbg
```

## Validate the debug binary file name

To later determine the actual debug binary, look in the `/usr/lib/debug/` directory
for a file named scylla.debug.

For example:

```none
# find /usr/lib/debug/ | grep scylla.debug
/usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/scylla.debug
```

## Locate and Analyze the Logs

**Procedure**

1. Copy the stack from the [system log](https://docs.scylladb.com/manual/master/getting-started/logging.md) and place it in a file (trace.txt, for example).
   ```none
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: Aborting on shard 8.
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: Backtrace:
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x0000000000688602
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000005a36fc
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000005a39a5
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000005a3a53
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: /lib64/libpthread.so.0+0x000000000000f6cf
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: /lib64/libc.so.6+0x0000000000036276
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: /lib64/libc.so.6+0x0000000000037967
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000024ce37b
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000024d2a47
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000024df1d5
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000023dccec
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000023feac1
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000024324b9
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000024357e4
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x0000000001eace90
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x0000000001eaf944
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x0000000000584ab6
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x0000000000584c71
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000006522ff
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x00000000006554e5
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: 0x000000000073d3cd
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: /lib64/libpthread.so.0+0x0000000000007e24
   Jul 14 16:56:50 hostname01 scylla: /lib64/libc.so.6+0x00000000000febac
   ```
2. Locate the files for backtrace.
   ```shell
   find . -name "scylla*.debug"
   ```

   With ScyllaDB 4.1 for example, returns:
   ```shell
   /usr/lib/debug/opt/scylladb/libexec/scylla-4.1.1-0.20200703.1d9bbbc9577.x86_64.debug
   ```
3. Run the decoder:
   ```none
   ./seastar-addr2line -e /usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/scylla.debug -f trace.txt > trace_decoded.txt
   ```

   `trace_decoded.txt` now contains the decoded version of the stack trace:

   For example:
   ```none
   void seastar::backtrace<seastar::backtrace_buffer::append_backtrace()::{lambda(seastar::frame)#1}>(seastar::backtrace_buffer::append_backtrace()::{lambda(seastar::frame)#1}&&) at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/util/backtrace.hh:56
   seastar::backtrace_buffer::append_backtrace() at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:390
   (inlined by) print_with_backtrace at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:411
   seastar::print_with_backtrace(char const*) at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:418
   sigabrt_action at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:3939
    (inlined by) operator() at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:3921
    (inlined by) _FUN at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:3917
   ...

   seastar::reactor::run_tasks(seastar::reactor::task_queue&) at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:2621
   seastar::reactor::run_some_tasks() at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:3033
   seastar::reactor::run_some_tasks() at /opt/scylladb/include/c++/7/chrono:377
    (inlined by) seastar::reactor::run() at /usr/src/debug/scylla-4.1.1/seastar/core/reactor.cc:3180
   ```